Volume 38: Issue 2

Introduction

Urinary incontinence develops frequently in spayed female dogs. Most respond to medical treatment with either phenylpropanolamine or estrogens. Young dogs and dogs that respond poorly to medical treatment are potential surgical candidates as a treatment alternative. This paper presents one surgical treatment, colposuspension. Although few dogs are cured by this surgery, incontinence severity is generally reduced, particularly in dogs with supplemental drug treatment.

Urinary Incontinence Following Ovariohysterectomy

Urinary incontinence in spayed female dogs has been reported as occurring in >20% of spayed female dogs, with the frequency being 30% in dogs >20 kg. ¹ Although this frequency seems

Seventeen cases (i.e., 14 dogs and three cats) were identified as having Mycoplasma spp. as the sole bacterial isolate cultured from airway washings in 224 cases evaluated for lower respiratory disease that was present in each case. Primary diagnoses included pneumonia (35.3%), airway collapse (35.3%), and bronchitis (29.4%). Fourteen cases had follow-up information available. Of these cases, eight showed resolution or improvement with antimycoplasmal drugs. Mycoplasma spp. is recognized as a primary cause of respiratory disease in several species, including humans. The relationship between Mycoplasma spp. and respiratory disease detected in some of these cases suggests some Mycoplasma spp. may act as primary pathogens in dogs and cats.

A 4-month-old, intact female schipperke was presented for evaluation and treatment of subcutaneous (SC) emphysema. Radiographs revealed pneumomediastinum and SC emphysema. Sequential radiographs confirmed a worsening of the SC emphysema. Extensive, nonsurgical evaluation failed to reveal the source of the air within the mediastinum. Exploratory thoracotomy revealed an emphysematous right middle lung lobe. Lobectomy of the right middle lung lobe resolved both the pneumomediastinum and SC emphysema. Histopathological evaluation confirmed pulmonary emphysema. A variation of congenital pulmonary emphysema was considered in this case.

Hemoptysis, the expectoration of blood or bloody mucus from the respiratory tract at or below the larynx, was retrospectively evaluated in 36 dogs. Cough, tachypnea, and dyspnea were common historical and physical examination signs. Anemia was documented in 11 dogs, but was severe in only one dog. Other clinicopathological findings reflected the underlying diseases. All thoracic radiographs obtained were abnormal; alveolar and interstitial patterns were most common. Diseases predisposing to hemoptysis included bacterial bronchopneumonia (n=7), neoplasia (n=5), trauma (n=5), immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (n=4), heartworm disease (n=4), rodenticide poisoning (n=3), lung-lobe torsion (n=1), left-sided congestive heart failure (n=1), pulmonary hypertension (n=1), and foreign-body pneumonia (n=1). Four additional dogs had more than one underlying disease process. Nine dogs were either euthanized or died in the hospital during the initial visit. While at least half of the 27 dogs discharged went on to completely recover, five dogs discharged were known to have either died or been euthanized as a result of their disease in <6 months.

Severe Neurological Signs and Hypernatremia Secondary to Polyethylene Glycol Paintball Ingestion in a Dog

Bruce GravesDVM,

Jessica KielbDVM, DACVECC, and

Nolan ChalifouxDVM, MSTR, DACVECC

Colposuspension as a Treatment for Urinary Incontinence in Spayed Dogs

Introduction

Urinary Incontinence Following Ovariohysterectomy

Mycoplasmal Respiratory Infections in Small Animals: 17 Cases (1988–1999)

Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumomediastinum, and Pulmonary Emphysema in a Young Schipperke

Clinical Signs, Clinicopathological Findings, Etiology, and Outcome Associated With Hemoptysis in Dogs: 36 Cases (1990–1999)

Monoclonal Gammopathies in the Dog: A Retrospective Study of 18 Cases (1986–1999) and Literature Review

Suspected Paraspinal Abscess and Spinal Epidural Empyema in a Dog

Tetraparesis in a Cat With Fibrocartilaginous Emboli

Canine Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Leiomyosarcoma: A Retrospective Study of 21 Cases (1986–1999) and Literature Review

Synovial T-Cell Lymphoma of the Stifle in a Dog

Arthroscopic Biceps Brachii Tenotomy as a Treatment for Canine Bicipital Tenosynovitis

Spontaneous Gastroduodenal Perforation in 16 Dogs and Seven Cats (1982–1999)

Traumatic Rupture of the Ureter: 10 Cases

Table of Contents

Severe Neurological Signs and Hypernatremia Secondary to Polyethylene Glycol Paintball Ingestion in a Dog

The Effect of Time of Antimicrobial Administration on the Outcome of Septic Dogs

Hyperechoic Retroperitoneal Fat in a Cat with Systemic Coagulopathy

Myocarditis in a Dog Positive for Brucella canis

A Retrospective Study on Boar-Induced Trauma in 42 Dogs

Soft-Tissue Sarcomas in Dogs: A Review

Vascular Encephalopathy Associated With Bacterial Endocarditis in Four Dogs

The Use of Carbon Dioxide Laser for the Ablation of Meibomian Gland Adenomas in Dogs

Outcomes of Dogs Presented for Cataract Evaluation: A Retrospective Study

Nutritional Myths