Volume 39: Issue 4

Introduction

Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are one of the major causes of disability among adult humans. Previously considered uncommon, CVA are increasingly recognized in dogs or cats with the advances of neuroimaging. A “stroke” is a focal neurological deficit of sudden onset, resulting from a cerebrovascular accident. ¹ The causes of strokes can be divided into two basic groups: obstruction of the blood vessels, leading to infarction [Table 1]; and rupture of blood vessel walls, leading to hemorrhage [Table 2]. ² Most types of CVA that are seen in humans have been documented in dogs; ³

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a citronella bark collar and a new, scentless spray bark collar in a veterinary hospital or a similar kennel-type environment. Forty-one dogs were included in the study. The efficacy of each collar was evaluated independently in comparison to control as well as in a crossover design. Thirty of the dogs were evaluated with the citronella collar, with 76.7% showing a reduction in barking. Twenty-nine dogs were evaluated with the scentless collar, with 58.6% showing a reduction in barking. The improvement over the control collars was statistically significant with both the citronella and scentless collars.

Reports of cystic thyroid and parathyroid masses in cats are uncommon. Herein, the authors describe a series of four cats with cystic ventral cervical lesions, among them thyroid cyst (n=1), thyroid cystadenoma (n=2), and parathyroid adenocarcinoma (n=1). Presentations ranged from completely asymptomatic cervical swellings to signs related to local compression of adjacent structures (e.g., trachea). Ultrasonographic evaluation was helpful in localization of the mass in two cases. Hormone analysis and concentration of cystic fluid were performed in one cat. Surgical excision was performed successfully in three cases. Histopathological examination was performed in all four cases. Long-term prognosis was excellent for those cases in which follow-up was available.

A 2-year-old, castrated male, mixed-breed dog presented with a 1-month history of red eyes and intermittent vomiting and a 2-week history of polyuria and polydipsia. Bilateral anterior uveitis and active chorioretinitis in the left eye were found on ophthalmic examination. Complete blood counts demonstrated evidence of an increased red blood cell mass. Thoracic and abdominal radiographs, abdominal ultrasonography, and Doppler echocardiography were unremarkable. Serum erythropoietin level was low-normal, consistent with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Resolution of all systemic and ocular signs occurred, and remission was achieved following phlebotomy and treatment with oral hydroxyurea.

Severe Neurological Signs and Hypernatremia Secondary to Polyethylene Glycol Paintball Ingestion in a Dog

Bruce GravesDVM,

Jessica KielbDVM, DACVECC, and

Nolan ChalifouxDVM, MSTR, DACVECC

Canine Cerebrovascular Disease: Do Dogs Have Strokes?

Introduction

Effectiveness and Comparison of Citronella and Scentless Spray Bark Collars for the Control of Barking in a Veterinary Hospital Setting

Cystic Thyroid and Parathyroid Lesions in Cats

Polycythemia Vera in a Dog Presenting With Uveitis

Bacteremia and Bacterial Translocation in the Naturally Occurring Canine Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus Patient

Qualitative Urinalyses in Puppies 0 to 24 Weeks of Age

Large Granular Lymphocytosis, Lymphocyte Subset Inversion, Thrombocytopenia, Dysproteinemia, and Positive Ehrlichia Serology in a Dog

Determination of Inheritance of Single Congenital Portosystemic Shunts in Yorkshire Terriers

Laparoscopic Ovariohysterectomy in Nine Dogs

Clinical Evaluation of a Right-Sided Prophylactic Gastropexy Via a Grid Approach

The Use of a Low-Profile Cystostomy Tube to Relieve Urethral Obstruction in a Dog

Nasal and Facial Reconstruction in a Dog Following Severe Trauma

Table of Contents

Severe Neurological Signs and Hypernatremia Secondary to Polyethylene Glycol Paintball Ingestion in a Dog

The Effect of Time of Antimicrobial Administration on the Outcome of Septic Dogs

Hyperechoic Retroperitoneal Fat in a Cat with Systemic Coagulopathy

Myocarditis in a Dog Positive for Brucella canis

A Retrospective Study on Boar-Induced Trauma in 42 Dogs

Soft-Tissue Sarcomas in Dogs: A Review

Vascular Encephalopathy Associated With Bacterial Endocarditis in Four Dogs

The Use of Carbon Dioxide Laser for the Ablation of Meibomian Gland Adenomas in Dogs

Outcomes of Dogs Presented for Cataract Evaluation: A Retrospective Study

Nutritional Myths